BHO (butane hash oil) is the foundational solvent-extracted cannabis concentrate category. The process: cannabis plant material is loaded into a column, liquid n-butane is run through it under pressure, the butane dissolves the cannabinoids and terpenes, and the solution is collected, then purged of the butane through vacuum and gentle heat. What's left is the BHO — typically 60–90% cannabinoids depending on starting material and technique. BHO is the parent category for shatter, wax, budder, crumble, and the original "live resin" — different post-extraction handling produces different textures from the same base extract. BHO ruled the concentrate market through the early 2010s before solventless rosin started taking the connoisseur tier. BHO advantages: massive yield per pound of input, scalable industrial production, room-temperature shelf stability. Disadvantages: residual butane (regulated to <500ppm typically), terpene loss during purge, lab-explosion risk in unlicensed production. Quality BHO from licensed labs is safe and compliant — the bad reputation comes from unlicensed home extraction.
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