Cannabis sativa refers botanically to cannabis plants originating from equatorial regions — classically Thailand, Colombia, Mexico, and parts of Africa. Morphologically, sativa plants are tall (6–15 feet when unpruned), lanky, with narrow light-green leaflets, and flower slower (10–16 weeks) than indicas. In consumer culture, "sativa" means energetic, cerebral, uplifting, daytime-appropriate. This association correlates with sativa-morphology cultivars often leading with limonene, pinene, or terpinolene terps — the uplifting/clarity-associated terpenes. But as with indica, the sativa-as-energetic rule oversimplifies. A limonene-dominant indica-morphology cultivar will read uplifting; a myrcene-dominant sativa-morphology cultivar will read sedating. Modern "sativa" on dispensary shelves is almost always a sativa-leaning hybrid with some indica in the lineage — pure landrace sativas are rare outside specialty seedbanks.
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